Document the damage completely
A good claim report captures the damage so completely that the case handler can decide without queries. That saves in any case at least one back-and-forth cycle by email or phone. Therefore capture structured: when did the damage occur, where, by what, which item or person is affected, and what evidence exists. These five fields are often enough to clearly classify the damage type.
Different damage types need different detail questions. A water damage in the apartment requires different follow-up questions than a traffic accident or travel luggage damage. Use conditional logic to show the appropriate follow-up fields after the first selection of the damage type. This way the form stays short for each individual case and complete in total. Pay attention to plain language and avoid insurance jargon in the form — the policyholder is usually a layperson and should not be confronted with technical terms like "recourse" or "deductible" without these being explained.